Method of coating and product thereof



Patented Ma 10, 1932 UNITED s' r 'TEs PATENT OFFICE wxnniur 11mm? MOSS,or cunn'anann, MARYLAND, assrenon 'ro cnnnmsn 003-.

PORATION OI AMERICA, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE nn rxon or con-rumm-rnonuc'r 'rnnaaor.

No Drawing.

. This invention relates to the coating of surfaces with-lacquerscontaining derivatives of cellulose and relates more particularly to theapplication of a primer coat or filling coat to such surfaces pr1or tothe application of the lacquer.

An object of my invention is to prepare a suitable filler or primer forthe coating of surfaces that are-not smooth in order to prepare the samefor the application of lacquers containing derivatives of cellulose.Other objects of my invention will appear from the following detaileddescription.

In the application of lacquers to rough or porous surfaces such as woodit is first nec-' essary to applya filler or primer coat to the .same.The ordinary filler which comprises a coating. composition containingdrying oils and natural resins is not suitable for use when lacquerscontaining or anic derivatives of cellulose are to be applie since thefilms formed from such lacquers do not adhere well to the filler orprimer coat of theabove composition. The same is true ofshellac or otherfillers of this nature. If attempts are made to apply the lacquerdirectly to the untreated surface, it is notpossible completely to fillthe grain of the wood in asatisfactory man'- ner, since such lacquerscontain only about 20 to 30% of solid constituents when the same isapplied to the surface, and when the vola-' tile solvents of the lacquerevaporate, the film formed therefrom shrinks down into the crevices sothat the grain is easily seen again.

without filling it, air bubbles are formed thereunder, and these airbubbles may cause many difiieulties. a

I have found that if a substan ce is used as a filler,which substancemay be in the form of a paste or freely flowing solution, and whichcontains a substantial proportion of a nondrying oil that is at leastpartially compatible with the film formed from the lacquer If the filmfrom the lacquer bridges the grain.

Application fl led In 28, 1928. Serial No. 365,244..

subsequently to be'applied, very satisfactory results are obtained.

, In accordance with my invention I coat a surface that is not smoothwith a filler or priming coat, which is in the form of a paste orliquld,a substantial proportion of which is a nondrymg oil that is lit-leastpartially compatible with the film formed from the lacquer to beapplied. This primer may also contain a small quantity of plastifiersand/or synthetic resins compatible with the derivative of cellulose thatis employed in the lacquer subsequently to be'applied. The primerpreferably contains pigments or other filling materials and alsovolatile solvents.

The surfaces to be coated in accordance with my invention are preferablysuch surfaces that require the application of a primer or filling coat.Such surfaces may be made of either hard or soft wood, ceramic materialsuch as p0ttery, china or brick, stoneware,

concrete, or even metallic surfaces that are not smooth. These surfacesmay first be stained to a desired. color, if desired. The articles to betreated may be any suitable ones-such as furniture, walls, receptacles,machines, vehicles, etc. K

The filler or primer material in accordance with my invention may beapplied in any suitable manner. Thus if it isin the form of a paste, itmay be applied by rubbing the same onto the surfaces or by pressing the1 that are at least partially compatible with the derivative ofcellulose, or the fatty acids thereof may be employed.

45 cellulose. Examples of synthetic resins that The plastifiers that maybe employed in ,making the primer in accordance with this invention maybe an suitable ones such as camphor,tr1acetin, iethyl phthalate,.dibutylphthalate, dieth l tartrate, dibutyl tartrate,

monometh lxy ene sulfonamid, the ethyl toluene su fonamides (meta, orthoor para etc. If desired, any suitable pi ent or mineral filling materialmay be ad ed, exam les of aluminuni silicate), s,1lex-(S1O,) or theother pigments used in makin paint. As stated, syn-- theticresinscompati le with the derivatives which are lampeblack China clay ofcellulose employed in the lac her to be applied, as described below, maye added, but

referably the amount of such resin emplo ed is-small in order to avoiddifficulties in su sequent drying. The nondrying oils and the otheringredients are incorporated in such quantities of volatile solvent toform a paste-or a freely flowing solution as is desired. Any suitablevolatile solvent may be emplo ed, examples of which are gasoline,benzine, arnoline, a'cetone, benzene, toluene, xylene, etc., or mixturesof these. The specific solvent chosen will depend on the nature of thematerial employed.

After application of the primer or filler in accordance with minvention, a suitable lacuer containing a erivative of cellulose may ten be ap lied. This lacquer may contain any suita ederivatwe ofcellulose, a synthetic resin compatible with the derivative ofcellulose, plastifiers, and suitable solvents. 1

The derivative of cellulose" em loyed ma be an norganic derivative of ceulose suc as cellulose nitrate-or an organic derivative of cellulosesuch as or nic esters of cellulose or cellulose ethers. xamples oforganic esters of cellulose are cellulose acetate cellulose Y formate,cellulose propionate and cellulose butyrate while exam les of celluloseether's are ethyl cellulose, met ylcellulose and benzyl may be employedare the fusible and soluble phenol formaldehyde resins pre ared in thepresence of an acid catalyst, dip enylol proane formaldehyde. resins,toluene sulonamid-formaldehyde resins, etc. The plastifiers em 10 ed inmaking the lac 'uer may be any suita le ones such as those escribedabove. The, solvent mixture preferably contains low boiling solventssuch as acetone, alcohol, benzene, etc., medium boiling sol-' vents suchas dioxan, monomethyl ether. of

. eythlene glycol or ethyl lactate, and high boilin solvents such asdiacetone alcohol,

alcohol, etc. A er, the filler is applied to the surfaces,

and allowed to dry for suflicient period, which j will vary with thenature and amount of volatilesolvent employedfill pores or grains of thesurfaces arewell ed, and after the lacis formed.

In order further to illustrate my invention,

queris applied, a smooth satisfactory film but without being limitedthereto, the following specific examples are given.

' Example I The following is an example of a suitable primer orfillerrwhich may be employed.

. Parts by v weight Cocoanut oil -1- 20 China clay 32 Silex (silica(10.7 Carbon blac 7.1 Gasoline -e 30 Ewamp le I I "The following'is anexample of a, primer made in accordance with my invention, which primeralso contains a plastifier.

Parts by weight Cocoanut' oil 7 Diethyl'phthalate 22 China clay 22 Silex9,6

Carbon black 6.4 Gasoline 32 After application of either of the abovefill-- Example A H Parts by weight Cellulose acetate 57 Diphenylolpropane resin-. 57

Diethyl phthalate 22.8 Acetone 232 Benzene 145 Alcohol 102 Ethyl lactate152 If desired, pigments in suitable proportions may be added to theabove lacquer.

'It is to be understood that the foregoing detailed description is"given merely by way of illustration, and that many variations may bemade therein without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent is:

1. In the method of coating surfaces with lacquers containingderivatives'of cellulose, the step of applying to such surfaces a primeror filler containingcocoanut oil.

, 2. In the method of coating surfaces with lacquers containingcellulose acetate, the step containing cocoanut oil.

3. The method of coating wood surfaces comprising applying to suchsurfaces a primer or filler containing cocoanut oil and then applying ala uer' contaimng an organic erivative of co ulose.

4. The method of coating wood surfaces comprising applying to suchsurfaces a rim er or filler containing cocoanut oil an then applying alacquer containing cellulose acebe a 5. The 'method of coatingwoodsurfaces comprising applying to such surfaces a prim- .er or fillercontaining'cocoan'ut oil and a mineral filling material and thenapplying a lacquer containing cellulose acetate.

6. An article of manufacture having at least on part of the surfacethereof a coat formed by the application of a primer containing cocoanutoil. a g n 7. An article of manufacture having at least-on part of thesurface thereof a coat" formed by the application 'of a primer containing cocoanut oil and a film formed from scribed my name. p

. HENRY MOSS

